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| sames SA9605A THREE PHASE POWER/ENERGY METERING IC WITH INSTANTANEOUS PULSE OUTPUT n FEATURES n Functionally similar to the SA9105E and SA9105F, with reduced number of external components n Output frequency represents the absolute sum of energy on all three phases n Performs one, two or three phase power and energy measurement n Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters n n n n n n Operates over a wide temperature range Current transformers for sensing Excellent long term stability Easily adaptable to different signal levels Precision voltage reference on-chip Pin selectable pulse rates Supports tamper detection PIN CONNECTIONS DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9605A is an enhancement of the SA9105E and SA9105F, as no external capacitors are needed for the A/D converters. The SAMES SA9605A Three Phase Power/ Energy metering integrated circuit generates a pulse rate output, the frequency of which 1 20 IIP2 is proportional to the absolute power con2 19 IIN2 sumption. The SA9605A performs the 18 3 IVN3 calculation for active power. 17 4 IIP3 The method of calculation takes the power 16 5 IIN3 factor into account. VDD 6 15 Energy consumption is determined by the 14 FOUT1 7 power measurement being integrated over 13 8 time. FOUT2 12 9 DIR The output of this innovative universal three phase power/energy metering integrated 11 10 OSC1 circuit, is ideally suited for applications such DR-01109 as residential and industrial energy metering and control. The SA9605A integrated circuit is available Package: DIP-20 in both 20-pin dual-in-line plastic (DIP-20), SOIC-20 as well as 20-pin plastic small outline (SOIC20) package types. 4452 PDS039-SA9605A-001 Rev. B IVP2 IIN1 IIP1 IVN1 GND VREF VSS PGM1 PGM0 OSC2 1/14 14-03-97 SA9605A BLOCK DIAGRAM PGM0 PGM1 VD D VS S IVN1 IVN2 IVN3 IIP1 IIN1 IIP2 IIN2 IIP3 IIN3 GND VREF OSC1 ANALOG INTEG. SIGNAL & PROAVERAGE CESSING POWER TO PULSE RATE FOUT1 FOUT2 DIR REF TIMING & CONTROL OSC OSC2 DR-01110 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS * Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage VDD-VSS Current on any Pin IPIN Storage Temperature TSTG Operating Temperature TO Current at any pin IP Min -0.3 -150 -40 -40 -100 Max 6.0 +150 +125 +85 +100 Unit V mA C C mA * Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2/14 sames SA9605A ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = 2.5V, VSS = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10C to +70C#, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Operating Temperature Range # Supply Voltage Supply Current Nonlinearity of Power Calculation Symbol TO VDD-VSS IDD Min Typ -25 4.5 Max Unit Condition +85 5.5 15 +0.3 C V mA % 1% - 100% of rated power Peak value Peak value IOL = 5mA IOH = -2mA Specified linearity Min and max limits User selectable -0.3 Current Sensor Inputs (Differential) Input Current Range III Voltage Sensor Inputs (Asymmetric) Input Current Range IIV Pins FOUT1, FOUT2, DIR Output Low Voltage VOL Output High Voltage VOH Pulse Rate: FOUT1 FOUT2 Oscillator Pin VREF Ref. Current Ref. Voltage # -25 -25 +25 +25 V SS+1 A A V V Hz Hz VDD-1 10 1160 3000 fp Recommended crystal: TV colour burst crystal, f = 3.5795 MHz With R = 24 k -IR 45 50 55 A connected to VSS VR 1.1 1.3 V Referred to VSS Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request. sames 3/14 SA9605A PIN DESCRIPTION Pin 16 6 14 17 20 3 19 18 2 1 5 4 10 11 7 8 9 12 13 15 Designation Description GND VDD V SS IVN1 IVN2 IVN3 IIN1 IIP1 IIN2 IIP2 IIN3 IIP3 OSC1 OSC2 FOUT1 FOUT2 DIR PGM0 PGM1 VREF Ground Positive Supply Voltage Negative Suply Voltage Analog input for Voltage : Phase 1 Analog input for Voltage : Phase 2 Analog input for Voltage : Phase 3 Inputs for Current sensor : Phase 1 Inputs for Current sensor : Phase 2 Inputs for Current sensor : Phase 3 Connections for crystal or ceramic resonator (OSC1 = Input ; OSC2 = Output) Pulse rate outputs Direction indicator FOUT2 Frequency select pins Connection for current setting resistor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The SAMES SA9605A is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital integrated circuit, which performs three phase power/energy calculations over a range of 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of better than Class 1. The SA9605A in both DIP-20 and SOIC-20 package options is functionally similar to the SA9105E and SA9105F with the advantage of no external loop capacitors. The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for 3-phase power and energy measurement such as oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation procedures. The SA9605A generates pulses, the frequency of which is proportional to the power consumption. Two frequency outputs (FOUT1 and FOUT2) are available. The pulse rate follows the instantaneous power measured. 4/14 sames SA9605A 1. Power Calculation In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the mains voltages from Line 1, Line 2 and Line 3, are converted to currents and applied to the voltage sense inputs IVN1, IVN2 and IVN3. The current levels on the voltage sense inputs are derived from the mains voltage (3 x 230 VAC) being divided down through voltage dividers to 14V. The resulting input currents into the A/D converters are 14A through the resistors R15, R16 and R17. For the current sense inputs the voltage drop across the current transformers terminating resistors are converted to currents of 16A for rated conditions, by means of resistors R8, R9 (Phase 1); R10, R11 (Phase 2); and R 12, R13 (Phase 3). The signals providing the current information are applied to the current sensor inputs: IIN1, IIP1; IIN2, IIP2; and IIN3, IIP3. In this configuration, with the mains voltage of 3 x 230 V and rated currents of 80A, the output frequency of the SA9605A energy metering integrated circuit at FOUT1 is 1.16kHz. In this case 1 pulse will correspond to an energy consumption of 3 x 18.4 kW/1160Hz = 47.6 Ws. The output frequency at FOUT1 and FOUT2 represents the absolute sum of the energy measured on all three phases, regardless of the direction of energy flow through the current sensors. This measurement method will assist meter manufacturers to circumvent meter tampering by reversal of the phases. Analog Input Configuration The current and voltage sensor inputs are illustrated below. These inputs are protected against electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes, in conjunction with the amplifiers input configuration. The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers AI and AV generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications of the input currents are generated for the analog processing circuitry. 2. sames 5/14 SA9605A VD D IIP CURRENT SENSOR INPUTS VSS A VD D I IIN VSS VD D IVN VOLTAGE SENSOR INPUT VSS AV GND DR-01111 3. 4. 5. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The SA9605A integrated circuit's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD. Power Consumption The overall power consumption rating of the SA9605A integrated circuit is less than 75mW with a 5V supply. Pulse Output Signals Waveforms displaying the DIR and FOUT1 signal information for each of the three phases are shown below. 6/14 sames SA9605A 8.94 s DIR FOUT1 71.55 s 8.94 s PHASE 1, POSITIVE DIR FOUT1 PHASE 1, NEGATIVE DIR FOUT1 PHASE 2, POSITIVE DIR FOUT1 PHASE 2, NEGATIVE DIR FOUT1 PHASE 3, POSITIVE DIR FOUT1 DR-01145 PHASE 3, NEGATIVE These waveforms demonstrate how to establish the direction of energy flow as well as the phase from which the energy is measured. The direction of energy indicated on pin DIR is HIGH for POSITIVE energy flow and LOW for NEGATIVE energy flow, for the entire LOW period of the FOUT1 pulse. The phase to which the direction indication on the DIR pin refers can be ascertained by counting the number of falling edges on the DIR pin prior to the falling edge of the FOUT1 pulse. The supervision of the DIR pin can be accomplished with a Controller. Although FOUT1 has a fixed frequency output, the table below shows the various frequencies selectable for rated conditions on FOUT2. User Selectable Output Frequency FOUT2 PGM1 PGM0 (Hz) 0 0 5.11 0 1 3.83 1 0 2.55 1 1 N/A sames 7/14 SA9605A The frequencies shown in the above table were chosen to allow a 4 - 3 - 2 scaling ratio for rated conditions. This facility provides ease of interface with applications which use the same post divider with mechanical counter or unchanged microcontroller software for different current rated kWh meters. For example, a meter manufacturer may wish to build meters for 3 system configurations with rated current loading of 80ARMS, 60ARMS and 40ARMS. The rated line voltage is 230VRMS. FOUT1 Frequency Consider the case where FOUT1 is the output of the energy counting block. For each of the three rated conditions, the input current sensing resistors are chosen to ensure that 16ARMS flows into the current sensing pins. Case 1 IL = 80A RMS 1 pulse on FOUT1 = Case 2 IL = 60A RMS 1 pulse on FOUT1 = Case 3 IL = 40A RMS 1 pulse on FOUT1 = 40 * 230 * 3 = 23.8Ws 1160 60 * 230 * 3 = 35.7Ws 1160 80 * 230 * 3 = 47.6Ws 1160 The amount of energy represented by one pulse for each of the three cases is different. In addition to changing the current sensing resistor network, the energy counting block must also be altered. FOUT2 Frequency Now consider the advantage of the user selectable frequency available on FOUT2. Again the input current sensing resistors must be chosen to ensure that 16ARMS flows into the current sensing pins. Case 1 PGM1 = 0 PGM0 = 0 80 * 230 * 3 1 pulse on FOUT2 = = 10.8kWs 5.11 PGM1 = 0 PGM0 = 1 60 * 230 * 3 1 pulse on FOUT2 = = 10.8kWs 3.83 PGM1 = 1 PGM0 = 0 40 * 230 * 3 1 pulse on FOUT2 = = 10.8kWs 2.55 sames IL = 40ARMS, IL = 60ARMS, IL = 80ARMS, Case 2 Case 3 8/14 SA9605A The only changes which now have to be implemented to interface the device to different rated systems are: change the current sense resistors; and select the required PGM0 and PGM1. No change to the post divider or micro-controller software is required if the FOUT2 pin is used as described. TYPICAL APPLICATION In the Application Circuit (Figure 1), the components required for a three phase power metering application are shown. Terminated current sensors (current transformers) are connected to the current sensor inputs of the SA9605A through current setting resistors (R 8 ..R 13). The resistor values for standard operation are selected for an input current of 16A into the SA9605A, at the rated line current. The values of these resistors are calculated as follows: Phase 1: R8 = R9 = (IL1/16A) * R18/2 Phase 2: R10 = R11 = (IL2/16A) * R19/2 Phase 3: R12 = R13 = (IL3/16A) * R20/2 Where ILX = Secondary CT current at rated conditions. R18, R19 and R20 = Current transformer termination resistors for the three phases. R1 + R1A, R4 and R15 set the current for the phase 1 voltage sense input. R2 + R2A, R5 + P5 and R16 set the current for phase 2 and R 3 + R3A, R6 + P6 and R17 set the current for phase 3. The values should be selected so that the input currents into the voltage sense inputs (virtual ground) are set to 14A for rated line voltage. Capacitors C1, C2 and C3 are for decoupling and phase compensation. R14 + P14 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R14+ P14 = 24k, optimum conditions are set. R14 + P14 may be varied within 10% for calibration purposes. Any changes to R14 + P14 will affect the output quadratically (i.e: R = +5%, f = +10%). The formula for calculating the Output Frequency (f) is given below: FOSC (II1 I V1) + (II2 IV2) + (I I3 I V3) f = 11.16 * FOUTX * * 3.5795MHz 3 * IR 2 Where FOUTX = Nominal rated frequency (1160Hz) FOSC = Oscillator frequency (2MHz ...... 4MHz) II1, II2, II3 = Input currents for current inputs (16A at rated) IV1, IV2 , IV3 = Input currents for voltage inputs (14A at rated) IR = Reference current (typically 50A) sames 9/14 SA9605A XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795 MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.78975 MHz on-chip, to supply the digital circuitry and the A/D converters. Figure 1: Application Circuit for Three Phase Power/Energy Measurement. MAINS VOLTAGES LINE 1 LINE 2 LINE 3 R1 R2 R3 R1A R2A R3A R11 R19 VI2P VI2N R20 VI3P VI3N C3 R10 R17 1 2 3 20 19 18 R16 R8 R9 R15 C2 R18 VI1P C1 VI1N R4 R14 R5 P5 5V R7 P14 0V R13 4 R12 SA9605A DIP - 20 IC-1 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 5 6 7 8 PGM1 PGM0 FOUT1 FOUT2 DIR P6 R6 9 10 XTAL 0V 0V R21 C14 C13 C12 0V 0V DR-01112 10/14 sames SA9605A Parts List for Application Circuit: Figure 1 Item Symbol Description 1 IC-1 Integrated SA9605A 2 XTAL Crystal, 3.5795 MHz 3 R1 Resistor, 200k, 1%, 1/4W 4 R1A Resistor, 180k, 1%, 1/4W 5 R2 Resistor, 200k, 1%, 1/4W 6 R2A Resistor, 200k, 1%, 1/4W 7 R3 Resistor, 200k, 1% , 1/4W 8 R3A Resistor, 180k, 1%, 1/4W 9 R4 Resistor, 24k, 1%, 1/4W 10 R5 Resistor, 22k, 1%, 1/4W 11 R6 Resistor, 22k, 1%, 1/4W 12 R7 Resistor, 820, 1%, 1/4W 13 R8 Resistor 14 R9 Resistor 15 R10 Resistor 16 R11 Resistor 17 R12 Resistor 18 R13 Resistor 19 R14 Resistor, 22k, 1%, 1/4W 20 R15 Resistor, 1M, 1%, 1/4W 21 R16 Resistor, 1M, 1%, 1/4W 22 R17 Resistor, 1M, 1%, 1/4W 23 R18 Resistor 24 R19 Resistor 25 R20 Resistor 26 R21 Resistor, 820, 1%, 1/4W 27 P5 Potentiometer, 4.7k 28 P6 Potentiometer, 4.7k 29 P14 Potentiometer, 4.7k 30 C1 Capacitor, electrolytic, 1F, 6V 31 C2 Capacitor, electrolytic, 1F, 6V 32 C3 Capacitor, electrolytic, 1F, 6V 33 C12 Capacitor, 820nF 34 C13 Capacitor, 100nF 35 C14 Capacitor, 100nF Detail DIP-20, SOIC-20 Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Multi turn Multi turn Multi turn Note 2 Note 2 Note 2 Note 3 sames 11/14 SA9605A Note 1: Resistor (R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and R13) values are dependant upon the selected values of the current transformer termination resistors R18, R19 and R20. Note 2: Capacitor values may be selected to compensate for phase errors caused by the current transformers. Note 3: Capacitor (C12) to be positioned as close to Supply Pins (VDD & VSS ) of IC-1, as possible. ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Package SA9605APA DIP-20 SA9605ASA SOIC-20 12/14 sames SA9605A NOTES: sames 13/14 SA9605A Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer. Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site: http://www.sames.co.za South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area, 0039 Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa Tel: Fax: 012 333-6021 012 333-8071 Tel: Fax: Int +27 12 333-6021 Int +27 12 333-8071 14/14 sames |
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